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Animal experimentation has made a crucial contribution to many of the most important advances in modern medicine. The development of vaccines for deadly viruses like rabies and yellow fever depended upon animal research, and much of our basic knowledge about human health and physiology was discovered through the use of animals as well. Inspite of these gains, animal rights activists have been zealous in communicating to the public and policymakers their view that the use of animals in medical research is morally wrong and should be severely curtailed or eliminated. The activists' arguments draw upon a range of disciplines and focus on both practical and ethical aspects of animal experimentation. Advocates of animal experimentation have been slow to respond to these arguments. Given that the worldwide toll of communicable diseases is still immense--and that deadly new pathogens may emerge at any time in the future to menace human health--failing to defend animal experimentation from the arguments of its opponents has disastrous implications. A quick response to an unanticipated threat on the order of the AIDS epidemic is unimaginable absent a vigorous research establishment, which in turn is dependent on animal proxies. This work is an attempt by research scientists and moral philosophers to mount a defence against animal rights enthusiasts. Contributors scrutinize how animal experimentation functions in the laboratory, the role that it plays in eradicating disease, and the moral justification for using animals. "Why Animal Experimentation Matters" is a first attempt by research scientists and moral philosophers to mount a convincing defense against animal rights enthusiasts. Because opponents of animal experimentation come from a variety of intellectual backgrounds, this defense is necessarily interdisciplinary as well. In this collection of eight essays, the authors scrutinize how animal experimentation actually functions in the laboratory, the vital role that it plays in palliating and eradicating human and animal diseases, and the moral justification for sacrificing animals for the betterment of human life. The subjects covered in the essays include the moral status of animals and persons, the importance of animals for advancing scientific knowledge, the history of animal experimentation (and of its detractors), differing theoretical approaches of American and European animal-experimentation regulations, the heavily restrictive legislation promoted by animal rights activists, and the threats posed to research and researchers by violent animal rights zealots. This important anthology will be of interest to scientists, philosophers, individuals suffering from heritable or communicable diseases, relatives of afflicted individuals, and policymakers.

Animal experimentation --- Animal models in research --- Animal welfare --- Animals --- Medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Treatment --- Research --- experiment, experimenteel onderzoek (dieren, dierproeven) --- medisch-wetenschappelijk onderzoek --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- expérimentation sur l'animal --- recherche médicale --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- Health Workforce --- Biological models --- Laboratory animals --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Research&delete&

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For too long, organizational scientists have not adequately attended to the problems of unethical behavior in organizations. This collection of essays provides the stimulus needed to help move the study of unethical behavior to center stage in the organizational sciences. It does so by posing provocative questions that not only entail a concern for understanding unethical behavior but that also strike at the very core of how and why organizations function as they do. The book addresses: * the asymmetries in power and influence created by hierarchies that give rise to ethical problems; * the tactics that might reduce the effectiveness of improper influence attempts; and * how the inappropriate use of influence diffuses, for example, through a market. This collection of essays exploring the study of ethics in organizations is designed to stimulate social scientists to seek ways of enhancing the human condition within an industrial context.

Organizational behavior --- Social influence. --- Comportement organisationnel --- Influence sociale --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Aspect moral --- -Social influence --- #SBIB:35H52 --- #SBIB:17H25 --- #SBIB:024.IO --- organisatie (organisatorische aspecten) --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- Influence (Psychology) --- Social psychology --- Prestige --- Social pressure --- Behavior in organizations --- Management --- Organization --- Psychology, Industrial --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Ethiek van bestuur en beleid --- Sociale wijsbegeerte: economische orde en arbeid --- organisation (aspects organisationnels) --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- Social influence

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In this new, startlingly original book, John D. Lantos weaves a compelling story that captures the dilemmas of modern medical practice. The Lazarus Case: Life-and-Death Issues in Neonatal Intensive Care begins with a fictional malpractice case-an amalgam of typical cases in which Lantos appeared as an expert witness-and uses it as the framework for addressing the ethical issues surrounding neonatal intensive care. Lantos draws on his experience in neonatal medicine, pediatrics, and medical ethics to explore multiple ethical dilemmas through one poignant representative situation. In Lantos's model case, a doctor decides to stop resuscitation of a premature infant, a tiny "preemie" who seems past reasonable care. The baby survives with severe neurological defects and the parents sue the doctor, alleging that stopping treatment was negligent. From this case, Lantos considers our moral obligations to critically ill babies, the meaning of negligence, and the sorts of social structures that shape the moral consciences of doctors. Each chapter begins with Lantos deposing in the conference room of the plaintiffs' lawyers.The questions put to Lantos throughout the deposition spark an engrossing retelling of his personal experiences with premature babies, as well as his thoughtful discussions of ethics, morality, history, and medical statistics. Sprinkled throughout the book are references to fictional works by Camus, Dostoevsky, Shakespeare, Twain, and others. Lantos uses these literary examples to further illustrate the ambiguities, misunderstandings, responsibilities, and evasions that plague our decisions regarding life and death, medical care and medical education, and ultimately the cost and value of preserving the lives of the most vulnerable among us.

Ethics, Medical --- Intensive Care, Neonatal --- Life Support Care --- Malpractice --- Neonatal intensive care --- Physicians --- Legislation & jurisprudence --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Malpractice. --- neonatale sterfte --- neonatale intensieve zorg --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- pasgeborene (zuigeling, neonatus, pasgeboren kind) --- premature geboorte --- mortalité néonatale --- soins néonataux intensifs --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- nouveau-né --- naissance prématurée --- Medical malpractice --- Medical negligence --- Tort liability of physicians --- Medical laws and legislation --- Defensive medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects

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Slow Cures and Bad Philosophers uses insights from the philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein to rethink bioethics. Although Wittgenstein produced little formal writing on ethics, this volume shows that, in fact, ethical issues permeate the entirety of his work. The scholars whom Carl Elliott has assembled in this volume pay particular attention to Wittgenstein’s concern with the thick context of moral problems, his suspicion of theory, and his belief in description as the real aim of philosophy. Their aim is not to examine Wittgenstein's personal moral convictions but rather to explore how a deep engagement with his work can illuminate some of the problems that medicine and biological science present. As Elliott explains in his introduction, Wittgenstein’s philosophy runs against the grain of most contemporary bioethics scholarship, which all too often ignores the context in which moral problems are situated and pays little attention to narrative, ethnography, and clinical case studies in rendering bioethical judgments. Such anonymous, impersonal, rule-writing directives in which health care workers are advised how to behave is what this volume intends to counteract. Instead, contributors stress the value of focusing on the concrete particulars of moral problems and write in the spirit of Wittgenstein’s belief that philosophy should be useful. Specific topics include the concept of “good dying,” the nature of clinical decision making, the treatment of neurologically damaged patients, the moral treatment of animals, and the challenges of moral particularism. Inspired by a philosopher who deplored “professional philosophy,” this work brings some startling insights and clarifications to contemporary ethical problems posed by the realities of modern medicine.

Medical ethics --- Bioethics --- Ethique médicale --- Bioéthique --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig, --- bio-ethiek (medische, biomedische ethiek, bio-ethische aspecten) --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- filosofie (filosofische aspecten) --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig --- bioéthique (éthique médicale, biomédicale, aspects bioéthiques) --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- philosophie (aspects philosophiques) --- Ethique médicale --- Bioéthique --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Philosophy --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Wei-tʻe-ken-ssu-tʻan, --- Wei-tʻe-ken-ssu-tʻan, Lu-te-wei-hsi, --- Wittgenstein, L. --- Vitgenshteĭn, L., --- Wei-ken-ssu-tʻan, --- Pitʻŭgensyutʻain, --- Vitgenshteĭn, Li︠u︡dvig, --- Weitegenshitan, --- Wittgenstein, Ludovicus, --- Vitgenshtaĭn, Ludvig, --- ויטגנשטיין, לודוויג --- 维特根斯坦, --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig Josef Johann,

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Een interdisciplinaire groep wetenschappers onderzocht de voorbije jaren het levensbeëindigend handelen in de medische praktijk. De resultaten werden in het gereputeerde medische tijdschrift "The Lancet" gepubliceerd. Dit boek bundelt een aantal reacties op het onderzoek: methodologische commentaren, ethische bevindingen en algemene reacties kaderend in het Vlaamse euthanasiedebat. Een interressante toets bij een actueel maatschappelijk probleem. (Bron: website academiapress.be)

Pharmacology. Therapy --- Professional ethics. Deontology --- 061 Ethische problemen --- 603.1 --- euthanasie (gez) --- levenseinde (ler) --- Palliatieve zorg --- Ethiek --- euthanasie --- stervensbegeleiding --- palliatieve zorgen --- Vlaanderen --- arts --- zelfbeschikking --- (zie ook: terminale zorgen) --- (zie ook: dood, euthanasie, palliatieve zorgen, rouw, terminale zorgen) --- 493.8 --- 179.7 --- History of medicine --- Hulpwetenschappen --- Medicine and ethics --- Belgium --- Flanders --- sociologie --- Medicine and ethics. --- Flanders. --- sociologie. --- levenseinde (einde van het leven, levenseindebeslissing) --- euthanasie (hulp bij zelfdoding) --- palliatieve zorg, (terminale, continue) sedatie, pijnbestrijding met levensverkortend effect, stervensbegeleiding --- autonomie van de patiënt --- arts-patiëntrelatie --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- België --- Nederland --- Australië --- fin de vie (décision de fin de vie) --- euthanasie (suicide assistée) --- soins palliatifs, lutte contre la douleur ayant pour effet d'abréger la vie, sédation palliative (terminale, continue), accompagnement de fin de vie --- autonomie du patient --- relation médecin-patient --- autodétermination --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- Belgique --- Flandre --- Pays-Bas --- Australy --- Suicide, Assisted --- Ethics, Medical --- Right to Die --- legislation & jurisprudence --- Sociologie. --- wetenschappelijk onderzoek --- recherche scientifique --- Suicide, Assisted - legislation & jurisprudence --- Right to Die - legislation & jurisprudence